{"id":86030,"date":"2024-09-10T15:36:58","date_gmt":"2024-09-10T19:36:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/?p=86030"},"modified":"2024-09-10T15:59:26","modified_gmt":"2024-09-10T19:59:26","slug":"virginia-vegetable-farmers-drought","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/10092024\/virginia-vegetable-farmers-drought\/","title":{"rendered":"A Combination of Heat and Drought Walloped Virginia Vegetable Farmers"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Meteorological summer\u2014the three hottest calendar months of the year\u2014was the fourth hottest on record in the U.S. in 2024, with the worst of the heat in the Southwest, the Gulf Coast and the East Coast, according to a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncei.noaa.gov\/news\/national-climate-202408\">report<\/a> released on Tuesday by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For a large section of northern and northwestern Virginia, a brutal early summer drought came with the summer heat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hana Newcomb has been working at <a href=\"https:\/\/potomacvegetablefarms.com\/about\/\">Potomac Vegetable Farms<\/a> at its two Virginia sites since 1980\u2014one in the Washington, D.C., suburb of Vienna, and the other in Purcellville, about 40 miles northwest of the nation&#8217;s capital.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"731\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Hana-Newcomb-731x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Vegetable farmer Hana Newcomb has worked at Potomac since 1980. Credit: Courtesy of  Hana Newcomb\" class=\"wp-image-86037\" style=\"width:300px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Hana-Newcomb-731x1024.jpg 731w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Hana-Newcomb-214x300.jpg 214w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Hana-Newcomb-768x1075.jpg 768w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Hana-Newcomb-1097x1536.jpg 1097w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Hana-Newcomb-1463x2048.jpg 1463w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Hana-Newcomb-scaled.jpg 1829w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 731px) 100vw, 731px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Vegetable farmer Hana Newcomb has worked at Potomac since 1980. Credit: Courtesy of  Hana Newcomb<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>She said that the drought was bad enough, but the searing heat, unsurprisingly, made it worse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThis growing season had a drought that was combined with an incredibly long hot spell, and that was the real problem\u2014the combination of the two,\u201d Newcomb said. \u201cWe can manage long periods with no rain, but the heat just took it out of the plants and the soil.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The impact on the vegetables was dramatic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe are having a very poor tomato year because of that extreme heat in June\/July,\u201d said Newcomb. \u201cAnd most farmers that I know around here say the same thing. Tomatoes, peppers and eggplant drop their blossoms when it gets extremely hot and it stays that way overnight and over many days.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The local weather data bear that out. Not only was it the driest June on record from the Shenandoah Valley to the Tidal Potomac during that critical early summer growth period, it was also the fifth hottest, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncei.noaa.gov\/access\/monitoring\/climate-at-a-glance\/divisional\/time-series\/4404\/pcp\/1\/6\/1895-2024?base_prd=true&amp;begbaseyear=1901&amp;endbaseyear=2000\">according to NOAA.<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2500\" height=\"1667\" src=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Potomac-Vegetable-Farms.jpg\" alt=\"A view of the Potomac Vegetable Farms stand just north of Vienna, Virginia. Credit: Courtesy of Potomac Vegetable Farms\" class=\"wp-image-86040\" srcset=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Potomac-Vegetable-Farms.jpg 2500w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Potomac-Vegetable-Farms-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Potomac-Vegetable-Farms-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Potomac-Vegetable-Farms-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Potomac-Vegetable-Farms-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Potomac-Vegetable-Farms-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Potomac-Vegetable-Farms-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Potomac-Vegetable-Farms-330x220.jpg 330w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A view of the Potomac Vegetable Farms stand just north of Vienna, Virginia. Credit: Courtesy of Potomac Vegetable Farms<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Newcomb is not alone in her observations. Ellen Polishuk co-owned and worked at Potomac Vegetable Farms for 25 years before retiring from active farming in 2017. She now <a href=\"https:\/\/www.planttoprofit.com\">consults<\/a> with farmers on how to keep their operations afloat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe suffered with droughts like this over my whole career,\u201d Polishuk said. \u201cWhat feels different is that it is every year: that overall temperatures are higher and that rain events are fewer and stronger.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The humid climate keeps away the far more serious droughts of California and the intermountain West. Even so, droughts do occur in Virginia, and they can develop more quickly in the warming climate. A warmer atmosphere evaporates more soil moisture, leading to rapid-onset droughts with higher impacts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Also known as flash droughts, these droughts develop over the course of a few weeks rather than a few months, and that was the case this year. On Memorial Day, there was no trace of drought, but severe drought set in across most of Virginia west of the coastal plain by Independence Day, and it worsened to extreme drought by early August before tropical storm Debby brought some relief.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-multiply\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"632\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/VirginiaDrought700px-632x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-86031\" srcset=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/VirginiaDrought700px-632x1024.png 632w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/VirginiaDrought700px-185x300.png 185w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/VirginiaDrought700px.png 700w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 632px) 100vw, 632px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Tropical rains, however, are not the answer. Heavy rain over dry soil runs off into streams and creeks, like opening a spigot above a dried-out sponge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Polishuk emphasizes the importance of more consistent rain. \u201cIn vegetable crop farming, we want an inch of rain (or more) a week,\u201d she said. \u201cSo having five inches of rain one day looks good on the rainfall average chart, but is still troublesome and not good enough for food growing.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Farther west at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fauquiereducationfarm.org\/about\">Fauquier Education Farm<\/a>, executive director Jim Hankins emphasized how critical the June drought was, as it hit his sweet potatoes hard.&nbsp; \u201cA tremendous amount of seedlings burned up in the heat\u2014only about 10 percent survived,\u201d he said. \u201cHeat in August is manageable, but not in June. New seedlings cannot take it.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All three farmers emphasized the same things concerning climate change: instability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The data bear them out. Examining the June rainfall totals in their part of Virginia over the last 100 years shows a larger variation over the last 50 years compared to the earlier 50 years. During the more recent period, the standard deviation\u2014a measure of how much variation there is in the data compared to average\u2014was 1.8 inches. In the earlier period, that value was lower: 1.6 inches.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-multiply\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"688\" src=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/VirginiaDroughtChartNOAA700px.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-86032\" srcset=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/VirginiaDroughtChartNOAA700px.png 700w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/VirginiaDroughtChartNOAA700px-300x295.png 300w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/VirginiaDroughtChartNOAA700px-64x64.png 64w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A broader examination of climate change impacts from the <a href=\"https:\/\/nca2023.globalchange.gov\/chapter\/22\/\">southeast chapter<\/a> of the 2023 National Climate Assessment indicates that these types of rainfall uncertainties will continue. Flash droughts occur with higher frequency in the Southeast than in any other region of the country, and longer-term droughts appear to be increasing in severity even though they do not initially appear to be happening more often.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Irrigation is the obvious first step in managing drought, but there is no singular fix. Hankins irrigates out of nearby Turkey Creek, where a beaver dam allows the water to pool even where the rest of the creek only trickles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"466\" height=\"698\" src=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Jim-Hankins.jpg\" alt=\"Fauquier Education Farm's executive director Jim Hankins. Credit: Courtesy of Fauquier Education Farm\" class=\"wp-image-86041\" style=\"width:400px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Jim-Hankins.jpg 466w, https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Jim-Hankins-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 466px) 100vw, 466px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fauquier Education Farm&#8217;s executive director Jim Hankins. Credit: Courtesy of Fauquier Education Farm<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u201cThis is irrigation triage,\u201d he said. \u201cI plant about 10 acres, but can only irrigate one to two acres a day, then I have to move on.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Newcomb has to dig deeper, \u201cWe have one well on the Wheatland farm in Loudoun County, and three wells that we use on the Fairfax County farm. This year we didn&#8217;t really figure out that the drought was as serious as it was\u2014we failed to water some of the crops enough, and the plants suffered.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Polishuk suggests additional ways to help farmers mitigate drought. Better irrigation systems are an intuitive choice, along with using mulch to hold in soil moisture. She also encourages the growth of mycorrhizal fungi, which helps plants better absorb water and nutrients from the soil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climatehubs.usda.gov\/hubs\/northwest\/topic\/northwest-no-till-farming-climate-resilience\">No-till farming<\/a> to keep carbon in the soil, hold moisture and decrease runoff also holds promise, but it is far from perfect. In no-till farming, farmers do not till, or plow, their fields before planting seeds, minimizing soil disturbance, which releases carbon into the atmosphere.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cMan, I have learned some stuff this year,\u201d said Hankins, who planted half of his crop using no-till. That part of his crop survived the June drought \u201clike it was nothing.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>His squash, melons and cantaloupe all managed well, but he remains cautious. \u201cNo-till buys some security against drought, but a good water year will probably produce a better crop using traditional methods,\u201d he said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Newcomb likes the idea conceptually, but is concerned that no-till can only work on a small scale. \u201cIt is incredibly labor intensive, the weed possibilities are endless, and when you take tractors out of the equation, you still have to find a way to plant and maintain crops,\u201d he said. \u201cWe grow about 20 acres of vegetables and 10 acres of cover crop, rotated in between those vegetable crops. We try to grow as much of the cover crop using no till as we can, but if there is an established field of weeds, we till and start over.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She offers a caution about farming, climate change and sustainability in the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWith the advent of supermarkets and homogenization, no one knows what is in season unless they are specifically tied to the farmers market or to a CSA (community-supported agriculture),\u201d she said. \u201cNo one really wants to give up raspberries year round. And yet, until they do, we will not crack the code on climate change or any of the related issues. The pandemic caused a huge panic and everyone suddenly wanted to connect with a local producer. We had a great year, financially\u2014the first year of the pandemic. But when supermarkets no longer felt scary, convenience and comfort became the deciding factor for shopping.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Like many of her colleagues, the connection between farming and climate is obvious to her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cMaybe that&#8217;s not specifically about climate change; that&#8217;s more about sustainability,\u201d she said. \u201cThe two are linked.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Meteorological summer\u2014the three hottest calendar months of the year\u2014was the fourth hottest on record in the U.S. in 2024, with the worst of the heat in the Southwest, the Gulf Coast and the East Coast, according to a report released on Tuesday by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.&nbsp; For a large section of northern [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":110,"featured_media":86043,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"apple_news_api_created_at":"2024-09-10T19:37:06Z","apple_news_api_id":"d65f0e56-fd78-4df0-84ea-ff1161afff08","apple_news_api_modified_at":"2024-09-10T19:59:35Z","apple_news_api_revision":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABg==","apple_news_api_share_url":"https:\/\/apple.news\/A1l8OVv14TfCE6v8RYa__CA","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[2519],"tags":[3,94,541,1612,2332,6648,123,4536,228,6647,404],"local":[6659],"topic":[2530,3955,2713,2517,2618],"profile":[],"class_list":["post-86030","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science","tag-climate-change","tag-drought","tag-farmers","tag-farming","tag-farms","tag-fauquier-education-farm","tag-heat","tag-national-oceanic-and-atmospheric-administration","tag-noaa","tag-potomac-vegetable-farms","tag-virginia","local-virginia","topic-agriculture","topic-drought","topic-environment-health","topic-extreme-weather","topic-food-agriculture"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"apple_news_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>A Combination of Heat and Drought Walloped Virginia Vegetable Farmers - Inside Climate News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Forgoing tillage helped some vegetable crops, but not as much as steady rain would have. Beyond the drought and the heat, farmers said, climate change brings instability.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/10092024\/virginia-vegetable-farmers-drought\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A Combination of Heat and Drought Walloped Virginia Vegetable Farmers - Inside Climate News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Forgoing tillage helped some vegetable crops, but not as much as steady rain would have. Beyond the drought and the heat, farmers said, climate change brings instability.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/10092024\/virginia-vegetable-farmers-drought\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Inside Climate News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-09-10T19:36:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-09-10T19:59:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/GettyImages-1656018587-1024x683.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"683\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Derek Harrison\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/10092024\/virginia-vegetable-farmers-drought\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/10092024\/virginia-vegetable-farmers-drought\/\",\"name\":\"A Combination of Heat and Drought Walloped Virginia Vegetable Farmers - Inside Climate News\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/10092024\/virginia-vegetable-farmers-drought\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/10092024\/virginia-vegetable-farmers-drought\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/GettyImages-1656018587.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-10T19:36:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-09-10T19:59:26+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/#\/schema\/person\/a2e3b8c98a1b78b70f80e812e7b35c95\"},\"description\":\"Forgoing tillage helped some vegetable crops, but not as much as steady rain would have. 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Beyond the drought and the heat, farmers said, climate change brings instability.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/10092024\/virginia-vegetable-farmers-drought\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"A Combination of Heat and Drought Walloped Virginia Vegetable Farmers - Inside Climate News","og_description":"Forgoing tillage helped some vegetable crops, but not as much as steady rain would have. 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